Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia

Artificial intelligence in learning and work practices: urban–rural differences in perceived productivity and competitiveness

Česlovas Christauskas — 2026-06-30

Aim: Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly shaping learning processes and work practices, with important implications for productivity and regional competitiveness. However, the benefits of AI adoption may not be evenly distributed across urban and rural contexts. This study examines how individuals living in large cities, small cities, and rural areas perceive and use AI in learning and professional activities, and how they evaluate its economic benefits and associated risks. Method: The study is based on an online survey conducted in 2025 in Lithuania, comprising 17 Likert-scale items measuring perceived productivity benefits, learning support,
digital skills, the future relevance of AI, and perceived risks. The final sample comprised 120 valid and fully completed responses (N = 120). Descriptive statistics were used to summarize response patterns, and pairwise Welch’s t-tests were applied to explore differences across residential contexts. Results: The results indicate generally positive attitudes toward AI across all groups, particularly regarding overall time-saving, improved decision-making, and enhanced competitiveness. Statistically significant differences were observed only between respondents living in large cities and small cities, with greater concern about potential job displacement. Conclusions: Overall, the findings of the sample suggest that while AI is widely perceived as a generally productivity-enhancing tool across regions, place-based disparities in skills and perceptions persist, underscoring the need for targeted training, institutional support, and inclusive digital policies to strengthen balanced regional competitiveness.

Effect of digital technologies on the productivity of rice farmers in Kwara State, Nigeria

Mary Sanyaolu — 2026-06-30

Aim: Rice production in Nigeria falls short of domestic demand, increasing reliance on imports. Digital technologies could enhance productivity through improved information sharing, planning, and decision-making, yet adoption among rice farmers is limited and underexplored. This study examines the effect of digital technologies on rice productivity in Kwara State, Nigeria. Methods: Primary data were collected from 151 farmers using a three-stage sampling procedure. Analysis employed descriptive statistics, regression models, sigma scoring, and Likert scales. Results: Results indicate mobile phones are the most widely adopted digital tool; their use, particularly for communication with extension agents, was significantly associated with higher rice productivity. Key determinants of adoption include age, household size, digital awareness, farming experience, and access to finance. Despite its benefits, adoption is constrained by the high cost of digital technologies, poor network coverage, unreliable power supply, limited access to extension services, and poor access to credit. Conclusions: The study concludes that digital technologies are associated with higher rice productivity, but their transformative potential is curtailed by infrastructural and institutional limitations. Policy recommendations include strengthening digital literacy, expanding rural network coverage, and improving access to credit to promote wider adoption, increase productivity, and support food security and sustainable agricultural development in Nigeria.

Fueling change in Tanzania: uncovering what drives women’s willingness to pay for cooking gas

Felister Y. Tibamanya — 2026-06-30

Aim: This study examines the determinants of women’s willingness to pay for cooking gas in Kilimanjaro, Tanzania, using household utility theory and the energy ladder theory. Methods: The study adopted a quantitative research approach with a cross-sectional design, and employed the contingent valuation method (CVM) using a payment scale format. The study was conducted with a sample of 150 women, selected through a multi-stage sampling process to ensure representation across the target population. The data source was primary data collected using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive analysis and a probit model were employed to analyze the data. Results: The study finds that women’s willingness to pay (WTP) for cooking gas is positively and significantly influenced by household size, average monthly household income, awareness of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) availability, the presence of a gas plant within the community, and proximity to selling points within a distance of 1‒3 km. Conversely, affordability challenges and the frequency of cooking gas purchases have a negative, significant effect on WTP, indicating that high costs and frequent refills discourage consistent use and willingness to pay for cooking gas among women. Conclusion: Policies should focus on improving LPG infrastructure, raising awareness, expanding income opportunities, and providing targeted subsidies to address affordability and reduce purchase – frequency barriers for women.

Special economic zones as an instrument supporting the development of peripheral regions in Poland – the example of the Podlaskie Voivodeship

Agnieszka Wojewódzka-Wiewiórska — 2026-06-30

Aim: The existence of disparities in the socio-economic development of regions in Poland is a significant issue in the modern economy. In 1994, special economic zones were established. These are designated areas of the country where economic activity can be conducted under preferential terms. The paper highlights the significance of the Suwałki Special Economic Zone (SSEZ) in the context of the development of the Podlaskie Voivodeship, a peripheral region. Methods: The functioning of the SSEZ was presented in detail, focusing on the effects of the SSEZ’s activities, including the number of permits issued, the size of investments, and the level of employment. Public statistics and data obtained from the SSEZ for the years 2012‒2023, as well as the results of a survey (CAWI) conducted in 2024 among employees of one company operating in the SSEZ, and an interview (CAPI) with a representative of the local authorities, were used. Results: The research results indicate that the SSEZ had a significant positive impact on the economic development of the Podlaskie Voivodeship, including attracting numerous investments that contributed to increased employment and improved technical infrastructure. The benefits of the SSEZ’s activities are evident at the local level. Conclusions: Investments in special economic zones have a multiplier effect, generating increased local demand for other services. Monitoring the effects of economically privileged areas may help develop effective instruments to stimulate the socio-economic development of peripheral regions in the future.